Rabu, 30 Desember 2009

Jujurlah

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dan mungkin ku selalu menyusahkanmu
mungkin sudah lama kau pendam
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Menjelang pagi

Sendiri..
sepi....
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Coba dengarkanlah sumpahku
Dari hati...
Dari jiwa...
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Malaikat dari surga
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Sungguh-sungguh hati ini
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kita dan kita hanya sanggup
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Ku berharap kau mengerti akan cinta ini
Ku berharap kau lah jawaban dari segala risau
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Biarkanlah aku mencintaimu
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Biarkanlah hati ku
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Drama Cinta

Kini
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kau membawa secercah cahaya
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Memiliki dan mencintaiku
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Aku telah mendustai cinta kita
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Yang tertoleh indah diatas bibirmu






Dan Seakan.....
Kini bahagia,canda,tawa,tangis
telah melekat dihatiku
Sesuai perjalanan cinta kita
Dan semua telah kita lewati bersama
dengan rasa dihati yang bahagia
walau kadang kali rasa pahit yang kukecap
walaupun cinta ini baru seumur jagung
Tapi aku sudah menganggap mu
Lebih dari seorang kekasih pujaan hati



Semoga...
Kenangan,angan,cinta dan impian
Tetap terpatri dihati kita berdua
sampai suatu saat waktu yang memisahkan kita


Tugas Bahasa Inggris soft-skill 4

ACQUISITION OF CAPITAL



A corporation needs capital in order to start up, operate and expand its business. The process of acquiring this capital is known as financing. A corporation uses two basic types of financing : equity financing and debt financing. Equity financing refers to funds that are invested by owners of the corporation. Debt financing, on the other hand, refers to funds that are borrowed from sources outside the corporation.
Equity financing (obtaining owner funds) can be exemplified by the sale of corporate stock. In this type of transaction, the corporation sells units of ownership known as shares of stock. Each share entitles the purchaser to a certain amount of ownership. For example, if someone buys 100 shares worth of Ford’s resources, materials, plants, production, and profits. The person who purchases shares of stock is known as a stockholder or shareholder.
All corporations, regardless of their size, receive their starting capital from issuing and selling shares of stock. The initial sales involve some risk on the part of the buyers because the corporation has no record of performance. If the corporation is successful, the stockholder may profit through increases valuation of the shares of stock, as well as by receiving dividends. Dividens are proportional amounts of profit usually paid quarterly to stockholder. However, if the corporation is not successful, the stockholder may take a severe loss on the initial stock investment.
Often equity financing does not provide the corporation with enough capital and it must turn to debt financing, or borrowing funds. One example of debt financing is the sale of corporate bonds. In this type of agreement, the corporation borrows money from an investor in return for a bond. The bond has a maturity date, a deadline when the corporation must repay all of the money it has borrowed. The corporation must also make periodic interest payments to the bondholder during the time the money is borrowed. If these obligations are not met, the corporation can be forced to sell its assets in order to make payments to the bondholders.
All businesses need financial support. Equity financing (as in the sale of stock) and debt financing (as in the sale of bonds) provide important means by which a corporation may obtain its capital.



PENGUASAAN MODAL


Sebuah perusahaan membutuhkan modal untuk memulai, beroperasi dan memperluas bisnis. Proses penguasaan modal kita ketahui sebagai perolehan dana. Sebuah perusahaan menggunakan 2 tipe dasar dari perolehan dana; perolehan dari dana sendiri dan perolehan dana dari berhutang. Perolehan dari dana sendiri mengacu ke dana yang telah di investasikan pemilik perusahaan. Perolehan dana dari berhutang, sebaliknya, mengacu ke dana yang dipinjam dari sumber luar perusahaan.
Perolehan dari dana sendiri (perolehan dana dari pemilik) bisa di contohkan dari penjualan saham perusahaan. Di transaksi tipe ini, perusahaan menjual beberapa unit yang diketahui sebagai saham. Setiap saham memberi hak kepada pembeli dengan jumlah kepemilikan tertentu. Sebagai contoh, jika seseorang membeli 100 bagian nilai saham dari perusahaan ford motor, orang tersebut telah memberi seratus bagian nilai kekayaan ford, material, pabrik, produksi dan keuntungan. Orang yang membeli saham itu disebut pemegang saham.
Semua perusahaan tidak pandang besar atau kecilnya, menerima modal awal dari pengeluaran dan penjualan saham. Penjualan permukaan mempunyai banyak resiko di pihak pembeli karena perusahaan tidak mempunyai catatan kinerja. Jika perusahaan berhasil, pemegang saham memperoleh keuntungan melalui kenaikkan harga dari saham, juga menerima pajak. Pajak adalah sejumlah keuntungan yang proporsional yang selalu dibayar setiap tiga bulan ke pemegang saham, bagaimana pun jika perusahaan tidak berhasil atau sukses, pemegang saham dapat mengalami kerugian besar pada penjualan saham.
Biasanya perolehan dana sendiri tidak cukup modal dan perusahaan harus beralih ke perolehan dana dari berhutang, atau meminjam dana. Satu contoh dari perolahan dana berhutang adalah penjualan surat tanda berhutang perusahaan. Di dalam persetujuan, perusahaan meminjam uang dari penanam modal dalam mengembalikkan surat tanda berhutang. Surat tanda berhutang mempunyai tanggal jatuh tempo, batas waktu saat perusahaan harus membayar kembali semua uang yang telah dipinjam. Perusahaan harus juga melakukan pembayaran bunga berkala ke pemegang surat tanda berhutang selama uang dipinjam. Jika kewajiban ini tidak terpenuhi, perusahaan dapat dipaksa untuk menjual aset perusahaan untuk membayar ke pemegang surat tanda berhutang.
Semua bisnis membutuhkan dukungan dana. Perolehan dari dana sendiri (didalam penjualan saham) dan perolehan dana dari berhutang (didalam penjualan surat tanda berhutang) memberikan jalan yang penting dimana beberapa perusahaan mungkin kekurangan modal.



Nama : Gita Novita
Kelas : 3 DB 01
NPM : 30107754

Fatamorgana

Sebuah kata yang tak bermakna
Mengungkapkan arti yang tak berujung
Tak ada guna tuk bicara
Seutas tali yang telah rapuh



Seandainya...
Kita tak ada
mungkinkah ada kehidupan
Di pusaranya ini...



Hanya dia yang tahu
hanya dia jawabnya
Kita hanya...
Seonggok ke fatamorganaan yang tak berarti



Secuil dan sejumput harapan
Tuk lalui semua ini
Hanya kita dapat sambungkan
Satu demi satu
yang sudah siap tuk dirajut bersama...

Kehampaan

Betapa hampa,hancur hati dan jiwa ini
Kekesih yang tak menghargai
Kekasih yang tak menganggap ku ada
Kekasih yang selalu mensiasiakan keberadaanku







Diam...
Diam...
Diam...
Itu yang selalu kau lakukan
Hati ini ingin menjerit tak kuasa menahanya
Hati ini terlalu sakit tuk disakiti
Tak mampu,tak kuat tuk hadapi kenyataan hidup ini
Tak sanggup tuk terus melangkah bersamamu
Tak sanggup habiskan waktu ini bersamamu






Resah hari kulewati tanpa hadir dirimu
Sepertinya tiada resah dihatimu
Tanpa hadirnya diriku dihadapanmu
Mungkin kebebasan yang kamu cari
Tertekan jiwamu karna keberadaan ku
Mungkin karna ku tau kau mencari sesuatu
Kebahagian,kesenangan yang tak ada di diriku
Diam mu itu yang membuat kyu berfikir ini

Senin, 14 Desember 2009

Tugas Bahasa Inggris "Soft-skill 3"

Nama      : Gita Novita
NPM : 30107754
Kelas : 3DB01

THE BALANCE SHEET




Financial statements are the final product of the accounting process. They provide information on the financial condition of a company. The balance sheet, one type of financial statement, provides a summary of what a company owns and what it owes on one particular day.
Assets represent everything of value that is owned by a business, such as property, equipment, and accounts receivable. On the other hand, liabilities are the debts that a company owes--for example, to suppliers and banks. If liabilities are subtracted from assets (assets-liabilities) the amount remaining is the owners share of a business. This is known as owners’ or stockholders equity.



One key to understanding the accounting transactions of a business is to understand the relationship of its assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity. This is often represented by the fundamental accounting equation: assets equal liabilities plus owners’ equity.


ASSETS = LIABILITIES + OWNERS’ EQUITY


These three factors are expressed in monetary terms and therefore are limited to items that can be given a monetary value. The accounting equation always remains in balance; in other words, one side must equal the other.
The balance sheet expands the accounting equation by providing more information about the assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity of a company at a specific time (for example, on December 31, 1993). It is made up of two parts. The first part lists the company assets, and the second part details liabilities and owners’ equity. Assets are divided into current and fixed assets. Cash, accounts receivable and inventories are all current assets. Property, buildings, and equipment make up the fixed assets of a company. The liabilities section of the balance sheet is often divided into current liabilities (such as bonds and long-term notes).
The balance sheet provides a financial picture of a company on a particular date, and for this reason it is useful in two important areas. Internally, the balance sheet provides managers with financial information for company decision making. Externally, it gives potential investors data for evaluating the company’s financial position.




Comprehension


A. Answer the following questions about the balance sheet. Questions with asterisks (*) cannot be answered directly from the text.

1.What is the final product of the accounting process?
2.What is a balance sheet?
3.Does the balance sheet provide financial information for a long period of time (for example, January to June 1993) or does it provide information for a specific point in time (for example, on June 30, 1993)?
4.What is the difference between assets and liabilities?
5.How is owners’ or stockholders’ equity determined?
6.How can the relationship between assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity be represented?
7.Does the accounting equation always remain in balance? *Why or why not?
8.How can business use a balance sheet? *As a manager, how would you find a balance sheet useful?

Answer:
1.The final product of the accounting process is the balance sheet.
2.A balance sheet is a final statement that provides a summary of what a company owns and what it owes on one particular day.
3.It provides information for a specific point in time, for example, on Jun 30, 1993.
4.Assets represent everything of value that is owned by a business, liabilities are the debts that is a company owes.
5.Owners’ or stockholders’ equity is determined by subtracting liabilities from assets.
6.It can be represented by the fundamental accounting equation assets equal liabilities plus owners’ equity.
7.Yes, it does. Because one side must equal the other. If not, it must be wrong with the recording.
8. A balance is useful for a business, because it provides a financial picture of a company on a particular day. It provides managers with financial information for company decision making.


B. Complete the balance sheet by writing in the correct terms from the list bellow.


assets current liabilities long-term liabilities
liabilities fixed assets current assets
stockholders’ equity


International Manufacturing, Inc
Balance Sheet
December 31, 1993


     
Assets Liabilities

Current assets Current liabilities

Cash $ 49,400 Accounts payable $ 30,000
Accounts receivable 1,600 Income taxes payable 19,000
Inventories 53,000 Total $ 49,000
Total $104,000 Long-term liabilities
Fixed assets Bonds $ 20,000
Property $ 15,000 Long-term notes 40,000
Buildings 50,000 Total $ 60,000
Equipment 10,000
Total $ 75,000 Total liabilities $109,000
Stockholders' equity
Total assets $179,000 Common stock $ 47,000
Retained earnings 23,000
Total $ 70,000

Total liabilities and
stockholders' equity $179,000



Vocabulary Exercises


A. Write down any term that you did understand in the reading. Find each term in the reading, look at its context, and try to figure out the meaning. Discuss these terms with your classmates.

B. Look at the terms in the left-hand column and find the correct synonyms or definition in the right-hand column. Copy the corresponding letters in the blanks.


1. _G_ property (line 6) a. assets equal liabilities plus
owners’ equity
2. _D_ equal (line 12) b. provide information item by item
3. _F_ condition (line 2) c. indicate by words or symbols
4. _B_ detail (line 21) d. have the same value as
5. _A_ accounting equation (line 12) e. a series of transactions, changes,
or functions that bring about
a particular result
6. _H_ monetary (line 15) f. the existing circumstance
7. _E_ process (line 1) g. anything owned by a person
8. _C_ express (line 15) h. of or pertaining to money


C. Discuss the following questions with a partner. In giving your answers, try to use the italicized terms.

1.What is the difference between accounts receivable and accounts payable?
2.Why are accounts receivable and cash considered current assets while property and equipment are considered fixed assets? What do you think the difference between current and fixed assets?
3.The owners’ equity in a company equals assets minus liabilities. What is meant by owners’ (or stockholders’) equity?
4.If you were a manager, how would you use the balance sheet to evaluate you company’s financial condition?
5.What do you consider your personal assets? Do you have any liabilities? What are they?

Answer:
1.Accounts receivable is assets and accounts payable is liabilities.
2.Because they are easily changed into money.
3.Net owning.
4.The manager know were the company is financial healthy.
5.Mobile.


Text Analysis


Look at the reading to answer these questions.
1.What does each of the following refer to?

LINES WORDS REFERENTS
1 they financial statement
9 this the owners’ share if a business
11 this the relationship of its assets
15 these three factors assets, liabilities and
owners’ equity


2.In line 6, what are property, equipment, and accounts receivable examples of?
Assets

3.In line 7, what do suppliers and banks refer to?
To whom the company has debts..

4.In lines 5-7. two different phrases are used to incorporate example in the reading. What are these phrases?
a. Assets
b. Liabilities

5.Another method of clarification by example is the use of mathematical representations. From the reading, copy examples that use mathematical symbols.
a. The fundamental accounting equation.
b. Assets equal to liabilities plus owners’ equity.

6.In lines 28-31, two uses of the balance sheet are given. What are the key words that show each of these uses is in a different area? What uses does each word introduce?

KEYWORDS USES




Classification


Categories of the balance sheet can be classified to show the relationship between them. Fill in the following blanks based on the information provided in the reading and in Figure 1 (page 79).


Class: Assets Class: Liabilities
Members: Current assets Members: Current liabilities
Fixed assets Long-term liabilities

Class: Current assets Class: Current liabilities
Members: Cash Members: Accounts payable
Accounts receivable Income taxes payable
Inventories

Class: Fixed assets Class: Long-term liabilities
Members: Property Members: Bonds
Buildings Long-term notes
Equipment



Application


Using the information in the reading, answer the following questions. Give reasons to support your answers.

1.Which of the following is not a fixed assets: office equipment, machinery, marketable securities, land, and buildings? Why?
Marketable securities. Because its easy to change into money.

2.Are the following liabilities current or long-term: bank loans payable, accounts payable, mortgage bonds payable, taxes payable, and long-term notes payable? List each under the correct heading.

CURRENT LIABILITIES LONG-TERM LIABILITIES
Accounts payable Bank loans payable
Taxes payable Mortgage bonds payable
Notes payable